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Papillary Carcinoma Thyroglossal Cyst: A Rare Presentation in an 11-Year-Old Girl Child
Kalyan Pandey1, Prafulla Kumar Das1, Bharat Bhusan Satpathy1
1Department of Surgical Oncology, Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Centre, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
Insights
Papillary carcinoma in a thyroglossal duct cyst is rare in children, with only 10 reported cases. This case highlights the unpredictable nature of these rare pediatric thyroid cancers.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Head and Neck Surgery
- Pediatric Oncology
Background:
- Thyroglossal duct cysts are the most frequent congenital neck anomaly in children.
- Malignancy within a thyroglossal duct cyst is exceptionally rare, particularly in pediatric populations.
Observation:
- This report details a rare case of papillary carcinoma arising within a thyroglossal duct cyst in a child.
- Diagnosis of malignancy is typically incidental, discovered post-surgical histopathological examination.
Findings:
- Pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma within a thyroglossal duct cyst is an infrequent occurrence, with limited documented cases.
- The behavior of these rare thyroid cancers is characterized as indolent yet unpredictable.
Implications:
- The rarity and unpredictable behavior of these tumors necessitate further investigation into optimal management strategies.
- This case underscores the importance of thorough histopathological evaluation of thyroglossal duct cysts, even in pediatric patients.
Abstract:
Thyroglossal cyst is the most common congenital neck anomaly in children with equal sex incidence, but papillary carcinoma of the thyroglossal cyst in children is rare with only 10 cases reported so far. Even in adults, the incidence of malignancy in the thyroglossal cyst is only 1%. Most cases are diagnosed following surgery on histopathological examination; there is no consensus on the management owing to this rarity and indolent but unpredictable behavior of thyroid cancers. Here, we present one such rare case.
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