Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 9, 2025
10:24
Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment
Published on: September 27, 2015
10.8K
Translational Control in Liver Disease
Alexandra Balvey1, Mercedes Fernandez1
1Laboratory of Translational Control in Liver Disease and Cancer, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Frontiers in Physiology
|December 16, 2021
Summary
Chronic liver disease, exacerbated by obesity and aging, poses a global health threat. This review explores how RNA-binding proteins impact liver disease progression and cancer development.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Molecular Biology
- Translational Medicine
Background:
- Chronic liver disease is a growing global health concern, driven by aging populations and obesity.
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, prevalent in 80-95% of obese individuals, is a primary driver of liver failure.
- Liver transplantation, the sole cure for advanced disease, faces limitations due to cost and organ scarcity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of RNA-binding proteins in the molecular mechanisms of chronic liver disease.
- To elucidate the pathological impact of aberrant translation regulation on liver disease progression.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes current research on RNA-binding protein dysregulation in chronic liver disease.
- It examines the link between altered translation and key pathological outcomes.
Main Results:
- Abnormalities in RNA-binding protein regulation of translation are implicated in chronic liver disease.
- These molecular changes contribute to portal hypertension, fibrosis, steatosis, neovascularization, and cancer.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms, particularly translation regulation by RNA-binding proteins, is crucial for developing new strategies.
- Targeting these pathways may offer novel therapeutic approaches for preventing and reversing chronic liver disease.
Related Concept Videos
01:31Translation
16.2K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
16.2K
01:26Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow
15
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
15
01:22Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test
16
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
16
01:29Translational Regulation
252
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
252
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
23.8K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
23.8K
02:28Leaky Scanning
5.3K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.3K