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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

569
The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Using CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing to Investigate the Oncogenic Activity of Mutant Calreticulin in Cytokine Dependent Hematopoietic Cells
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CRISPR/Cas9 in Gastrointestinal Malignancies.

André Jefremow1, Markus F Neurath1, Maximilian J Waldner1

  • 1Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|December 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing is revolutionizing gastrointestinal (GI) cancer research. This technology enables precise gene manipulation for studying colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer (GC), and other GI malignancies.

Keywords:
CRISPR/cas9cancer of the biliary tractcolorectal canceresophageal cancergastrointestinal cancerhepatocellular cancerpancreatic cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer (GC), esophageal cancer (EG), pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and hepatocellular cancer (HCC), are leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally.
  • The development of GI cancers is often characterized by a stepwise accumulation of driver mutations, making the understanding of their functional impact crucial for improved clinical management.
  • Genome editing technologies offer powerful new approaches to investigate these mutations and their roles in cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the recent applications of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology in the research of various GI cancers.
  • To highlight the utility of CRISPR/Cas9 in functional studies, gene discovery, and potential therapeutic strategies for GI malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing for gene knockout and knock-in.
  • Functional studies of candidate genes in cancer cell lines and organoids (in vitro).
  • Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 in murine cancer models (in vivo).
  • CRISPR/Cas9-mediated library screening for identifying novel driver mutations.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 enables precise genetic manipulation for studying gene function in GI cancer models.
  • The technology facilitates the identification of previously unknown driver mutations through large-scale screening.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 applications extend to exploring gene therapy strategies for GI cancers.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 is a transformative tool for advancing GI cancer research across diverse models.
  • Its application aids in dissecting the molecular mechanisms of GI cancer development and progression.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 holds promise for the future development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics for GI cancers.