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Scalable thermochromic smart windows with passive radiative cooling regulation
Shancheng Wang1,2, Tengyao Jiang3,4, Yun Meng1,2
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
Researchers developed smart windows using radiative cooling to reduce building energy use. These windows automatically adjust cooling based on temperature, offering energy efficiency for diverse climates.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Sustainable Energy
- Building Physics
Background:
- Radiative cooling materials leverage long-wave infrared (LWIR) emission to space for passive cooling, ideal for hot seasons.
- While applied to walls and roofs, radiative cooling for windows, a major building inefficiency source, remains underexplored.
- Smart windows offer potential for energy savings by managing solar heat gain and radiative heat transfer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To fabricate scalable smart windows utilizing radiative cooling principles.
- To achieve tunable emissivity in long-wave infrared (LWIR) for dynamic temperature regulation.
- To maintain visible light transparency and near-infrared (NIR) modulation for functional window applications.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of smart windows via a scalable solution process.
- Engineering materials with distinct LWIR emissivity at high (εLWIR-H = 0.61) and low (εLWIR-L = 0.21) temperatures.
- Characterization of visible, NIR, and LWIR optical properties and temperature-dependent emissivity.
Main Results:
- Successful fabrication of smart windows with temperature-dependent emissivity.
- Demonstrated automatic radiative cooling regulation through varying LWIR emissivity.
- Achieved simultaneous luminous transparency and NIR modulation alongside LWIR control.
Conclusions:
- Developed passive, self-adapting smart windows for dynamic radiative cooling.
- These windows offer independent regulation across visible, NIR, and LWIR spectra.
- The technology holds promise for energy-efficient building applications across various climate zones.
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