Abernethy malformation: A comprehensive review

Area of Science:

• Vascular Surgery
• Pediatric Surgery
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Abernethy malformation is a rare congenital portosystemic shunt.
• It involves blood from the portal vein bypassing the liver into systemic circulation.
• Associated anomalies and complications necessitate a thorough understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of Abernethy malformation.
• To highlight the importance of imaging in diagnosis and management.
• To differentiate Abernethy malformation from other portosystemic shunts.

Main Methods:

• Review of anatomical and embryological principles.
• Discussion of imaging modalities like CT and MR angiography.
• Analysis of diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses.

Main Results:

• Categorization into Type I (complete shunt) and Type II (partial shunt).
• Association with congenital anomalies and acquired complications.
• Imaging findings crucial for shunt anatomy and anomaly evaluation.

Conclusions:

• Accurate diagnosis requires understanding anatomy, embryology, and imaging.
• Management strategies vary based on malformation type and patient symptoms.
• Type I typically requires liver transplantation; Type II may be treated with shunt occlusion.