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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

521
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
876

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Three-dimensional Printing of Thermoplastic Materials to Create Automated Syringe Pumps with Feedback Control for Microfluidic Applications
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Smart syringe using actuator and force sensor for epidural anesthesia injection.

Ki-Cheol Yoon1,2, Kwang Gi Kim1,2,3,4, Dong Chul Lee5

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

The International Journal of Artificial Organs
|December 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a smart syringe for safer epidural anesthesia. The device uses sensors to guide needle placement, reducing medical accidents and the need for extensive training.

Keywords:
Smart syringeactuatorepidural spaceforce sensorinjection

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Devices
  • Anesthesiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Epidural anesthesia requires high skill, increasing the risk of medical accidents.
  • Intensive training is necessary to mitigate risks associated with epidural procedures.
  • Advancements in medical technology aim to improve the safety and accuracy of anesthesia delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel smart syringe design for enhanced safety and accuracy in epidural anesthesia.
  • To develop a device that overcomes the limitations of manual needle-guided techniques.
  • To reduce the incidence of medical accidents during epidural procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a smart syringe incorporating a force sensor, actuator, and CPU.
  • Utilized 3D printing for the fabrication of the syringe's external structure.
  • Developed an electrical sensing waveform measurement system to replace tactile feedback.
  • Integrated external monitoring for real-time needle positioning.

Main Results:

  • The smart syringe successfully measured needle insertion processes during animal testing.
  • External monitoring accurately displayed the needle's position.
  • Satisfactory performance was achieved in evaluating the smart syringe's capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • The smart syringe design offers a promising solution for safe and accurate epidural anesthesia.
  • Sensor-based guidance can significantly improve procedural safety and reduce reliance on manual skill.
  • This technology has the potential to decrease medical errors and enhance patient outcomes.