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Screening for auditory dysfunction in high risk neonates.

A G Pettigrew, D A Edwards, D J Henderson-Smart

    Early Human Development
    |October 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) screening effectively identifies infants at risk for hearing loss. Infants with BAER thresholds above 40 dBHL at term equivalent age require follow-up to detect moderate to profound hearing deficits.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal audiology
    • Neurophysiology
    • Developmental pediatrics

    Background:

    • Hearing impairment is a significant concern in preterm infants.
    • Early detection of auditory deficits is crucial for timely intervention and developmental outcomes.
    • Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) is a non-invasive electrophysiological test used to assess auditory pathway function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the efficacy of BAER in identifying hearing deficits in preterm and term infants.
    • To establish optimal timing for auditory screening using BAER in at-risk infant populations.
    • To correlate BAER thresholds with behavioral audiological assessments at later ages.

    Main Methods:

    • BAER thresholds were recorded in 117 preterm and 71 term infants at various post-menstrual ages (PMAs).

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Thresholds were assessed at discharge and term equivalent age, with follow-up testing conducted.
  • Infants with elevated BAER thresholds underwent further behavioral audiological testing.

    • Main Results:

    • Infants born before 31 weeks PMA had BAER thresholds ≥ 50 dBHL.
    • The majority of preterm and term infants tested at term equivalent age had BAER thresholds ≤ 30 dBHL.
    • 67% of infants with BAER thresholds ≥ 40 dBHL at discharge/term equivalent age were later confirmed to have moderate to profound hearing loss.

    Conclusions:

    • BAER screening is effective for identifying preterm infants at risk of hearing impairment.
    • Auditory screening using BAER is recommended at hospital discharge or term equivalent age.
    • Infants with persistent elevated BAER thresholds (≥ 40 dBHL) require further audiological evaluation and potential habilitative support.