Iron in Cardiovascular Disease: Challenges and Potentials.

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Research
• Cell Death Mechanisms
• Mineral Metabolism

Background:

• Iron is vital for biological functions, but imbalances cause disease.
• Iron's role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is complex and not fully understood.
• Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is implicated in various CVDs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the pathological roles of iron in cardiovascular diseases.
• To highlight ferroptosis as a key mechanism in iron-related CVD.
• To discuss iron chelation therapy for cardiovascular conditions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing research on iron metabolism and CVD.
• Analysis of studies investigating ferroptosis in cardiovascular conditions.
• Evaluation of therapeutic strategies targeting iron overload.

Main Results:

• Iron deficiency negatively impacts heart failure and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
• Ferroptosis is observed in cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, and ischemia/reperfusion injury.
• Iron chelation shows potential for treating iron overload disorders.

Conclusions:

• Clarifying iron's precise role in CVD is crucial for developing effective treatments.
• Targeting ferroptosis may offer novel therapeutic avenues for cardiovascular diseases.
• Further research is needed to optimize iron-related interventions in CVD.