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Therapeutic interventions in Osgood-Schlatter disease: A case report
Eliza Gaweł1, Anna Zwierzchowska
1Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
Rationale:
The purpose of this case study was to identify factors of bilateral etiopathogenesis of Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) and those supporting the effectiveness of the therapeutic process in a 12-year-old elite female Olympic karateka.
Patient Concerns:
The present case study concerns OSD female karateka who started her sport-specific training at the age of 4 years.
Diagnoses:
The results of subjective palpation by the orthopedic surgeon and objective medical examination using ultrasonography, wall slide test, magnetic resonance imaging, and body height and weight measurements were collected.
Interventions:
The therapeutic intervention for the athlete's knee joints lasted 20 months (5 stages). Physical therapy, kinesiotherapy, and pharmacological treatment were administered, and physical activity was gradually introduced.
Outcomes:
The developmental trajectory was uniform for body height and labile for body weight. OSD was diagnosed after the second growth spurt, and significant progression was reported during the subsequent height and weight gains and increased volume and intensity of sports training. The rate and dynamics of changes in the distance from the patellar ligament to the tibial apophysis were irregular, with dominance in the right knee with the highest rate of change (-3.3 mm) and twice the regression of the rate of change (-2.5 mm). The analyzed distance never exceeded the baseline value (5.5 mm), which was the case in the left knee. Return to sports competition was possible from the second month of therapy, in which kinesiotherapy and static stretching were the most effective. A relatively correct distance of the patellar ligament from the tibial apophysis was recorded at the time of stabilization of the body height and weight gain. No pathological changes were observed following OSD, and full recovery was observed.
Lessons:
In the case discussed in this study, growth spurt, the specificity of the sport practiced, and early specialization including high-volume and high-intensity training should be considered as factors causing OSD and its progression. Kinesiotherapeutic management and static stretching are crucial for the treatment of OSD. Quick return to sports competition was possible due to early therapeutic intervention, which could also lead to the absence of pathological changes in the tibial tubercle and the absence of recurrence of OSD.
