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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI spectrometry is widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.
The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix material. The...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
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Determining metal elements in liquid samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and phase conversion

Zhichao Zhang1, Wenbao Jia1,2, Qing Shan1

  • 1Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 211106 Nanjing, China. lingyongsheng@nuaa.edu.cn.

Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods and Applications
|December 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new phase conversion technology using anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) colloidal droplets for rapid and accurate metal element detection in liquid samples via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The method offers quick sample preparation and minimal sample volume for effective analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Accurate elemental analysis of liquid samples is crucial in various scientific and industrial fields.
  • Traditional methods often require extensive sample preparation and can be time-consuming.
  • Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) offers potential for rapid elemental detection but can be limited by matrix effects in complex samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel phase conversion technology for enhanced metal element detection in liquid samples using LIBS.
  • To optimize experimental parameters for improved analytical performance, including emission intensities and signal-to-noise ratios.
  • To assess the accuracy and applicability of the proposed method for complex brine samples.

Main Methods:

  • Loading brine samples with anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) colloidal droplets to induce phase conversion.
  • Optimizing APAM concentration, APAM solution to sample volume ratio, delay time, and lens-to-sample distance (LTSD).
  • Utilizing laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for elemental detection and comparing results with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).

Main Results:

  • Optimized experimental conditions led to improved emission intensities and signal-to-noise ratios.
  • The method demonstrated high accuracy for detecting Li, Sr, and Ca in complex brine samples, with concentration discrepancies of 0.74-3.59% compared to ICP-OES.
  • Successful determination of metal elements in challenging samples containing slightly soluble salts.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed phase conversion technology using APAM colloidal droplets is effective for rapid and accurate metal element detection in liquid samples via LIBS.
  • The method significantly reduces sample preparation time (less than 20 min) and requires a small sample volume (10 μL).
  • This technique offers a simple, adsorption-free approach for elemental analysis, suitable for complex matrices.