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The physical assessment examines the patient for objective data that defines the patient's condition, and aids in formulating the nursing care plan. The purpose of physical assessment is a health status appraisal, which includes identifying health problems, and establishing a database for nursing intervention.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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[Body composition and physical activity in resident physicians].

Juan de Jesús Manzano-Jurado1, Joel Morales-Gutiérrez2, Kybaná Aurora Gil-Galindo3

  • 1Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret", Servicio de Medicina Interna. Ciudad de México, México.

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social
|December 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Internal Medicine residents in Mexico face high rates of overweight and obesity, with poor physical activity levels. Addressing diet and exercise is crucial for their health and reducing associated risks.

Keywords:
Body CompositionHypertensionOverweightPhysicians

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Public Health
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Mexico has the second-highest adult obesity rates globally, affecting resident physicians.
  • Inadequate diet and physical inactivity are significant contributing factors to obesity among residents.
  • Bioimpedance analysis offers superior precision for body composition assessment compared to anthropometry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in physical activity, caloric intake, and body composition among Internal Medicine residents based on their training year.
  • To assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and related health issues within this specific medical population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving resident physicians (second, third, and fourth year) was conducted.
  • Data collection included vital signs, Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) questionnaire, anthropometry, 24-hour dietary recall, and bioelectrical impedance analysis.
  • Statistical analyses employed descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-squared tests.

Main Results:

  • Out of 84 included residents, 46.4% were overweight or obese, despite 89% reporting hypocaloric diets.
  • Bioelectrical impedance analysis revealed elevated body fat in 72.6% and sub-optimal physical activity in 71% of residents.
  • A significant prevalence of 23.7% arterial hypertension was also noted.

Conclusions:

  • Internal Medicine residents exhibit a high prevalence of overweight and obesity, with notable variations in body composition and physical activity levels.
  • There is a critical need to improve dietary habits and enhance physical activity to mitigate health risks in this population.
  • Interventions targeting lifestyle modifications are essential for the well-being of resident physicians.