Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Particle Image Velocimetry Investigation of Hemodynamics via Aortic Phantom
06:26

Particle Image Velocimetry Investigation of Hemodynamics via Aortic Phantom

Published on: February 25, 2022

4.6K

Evaluation of aortic stenosis: From Bernoulli and Doppler to Navier-Stokes

Harminder Gill1, Joao Fernandes1, Omar Chehab2

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|December 17, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Accurate aortic stenosis assessment relies on measuring pressure drop. Advanced 3D Doppler echocardiography offers angle-independent velocity data for more precise grading and management decisions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Uni-dimensional Doppler echocardiography is standard for assessing aortic stenosis severity.
  • Transvalvular pressure drop is a critical metric for evaluating hemodynamic burden.
  • Current methods face limitations in accuracy and reproducibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the physics principles in aortic stenosis evaluation.
  • To explore advanced imaging techniques for improved assessment.
  • To guide more accurate grading and management of aortic stenosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fundamental physics principles in hemodynamic assessment.
  • Exploration of sophisticated Doppler echocardiography techniques.
  • Analysis of 3D blood velocity vector field acquisition and computational methods.

Main Results:

  • Advanced computational analysis enhances velocity data robustness.
  • 3D imaging enables angle-independent valve interrogation.
  • Improved methods allow for enhanced transvalvular pressure drop calculation.

Conclusions:

  • Modern echocardiography techniques offer more accurate aortic stenosis grading.
  • Precise hemodynamic assessment is crucial for informed clinical management.
  • 3D Doppler echocardiography shows promise for improved patient care.

Keywords:
4D flow MRIAortic stenosisPressure dropVelocity vector ultrasound

More Related Videos

In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging11:16

In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 25, 2022

3.5K
Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.7K

Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
75
Navier–Stokes Equations01:28

Navier–Stokes Equations

For incompressible Newtonian fluids, where density remains constant, stresses show a linear relationship with the deformation rate, defined by normal and shear stresses. Normal stresses depend on the pressure exerted on the fluid and the rate of deformation in specific directions, which determines how fluid flows under varying pressures. Shear stresses, on the other hand, act tangentially across fluid layers. They explain how adjacent fluid layers slide relative to one another, connecting...
922
Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound01:19

Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound

To obtain accurate blood pressure measurements in clinical settings, especially when traditional methods are insufficient, healthcare professionals utilize the Doppler ultrasound technique. This method uses high-frequency sound waves to detect blood flow within the arteries, which is crucial for patients with conditions that complicate circulatory system assessment.
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment:
1.8K
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
57
Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...
81
Bernoulli's Equation: Problem Solving01:16

Bernoulli's Equation: Problem Solving

A Venturi meter is essential for measuring fluid flow rates in pipelines. It utilizes the relationship between fluid velocity and pressure described by Bernoulli's equation. When installed in a sewage system, the Venturi meter accurately determines the wastewater flow rate by measuring pressure differences.
The first step is to compute the cross-sectional areas of the pipe and the Venturi throat to analyze the pressure difference indicated by the pressure gauge. Next, the continuity...
1.5K