[Bispecific antibodies in multiple myeloma]

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Immunology
• Oncology

Background:

• Multiple myeloma (MM) treatment has been significantly advanced by emerging immunotherapies.
• Various immunotherapy types, including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies (BsAb), antibody-drug conjugates, and CAR-T cells, show promise for MM.
• Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) are a key immunotherapy class, designed to bridge tumor cells and immune cells.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the clinical data and therapeutic potential of bispecific antibodies (BsAb) in multiple myeloma (MM).
• To discuss the diverse constructs and targeting strategies of BsAb used in MM treatment.
• To explore the mechanisms of resistance that may limit the efficacy of BsAb in MM.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of clinical trial data on bispecific antibodies (BsAb) for multiple myeloma (MM).
• Analysis of different BsAb designs, including their antigen targets (e.g., BCMA, GPRC5D, FcRH5) and formats.
• Discussion of proposed mechanisms of resistance to BsAb therapy in MM.

Main Results:

• Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) demonstrate significant clinical activity in multiple myeloma (MM) by redirecting T-cell cytotoxicity.
• Multiple BsAb constructs targeting various antigens like BCMA, GPRC5D, and FcRH5 are under clinical investigation.
• Understanding resistance mechanisms is crucial for optimizing BsAb efficacy and patient outcomes in MM.

Conclusions:

• Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) represent a promising therapeutic strategy for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM).
• Ongoing research focuses on novel BsAb designs and combinations to overcome resistance and improve MM treatment.
• BsAb contribute to the evolving landscape of immunotherapy in multiple myeloma management.