Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 9, 2025
06:28
E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
Published on: August 1, 2019
8.5K
Autonomy-based criticisms of the patient preference predictor
E J Jardas1, David Wasserman1, David Wendler2
1Department of Bioethics, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Journal of Medical Ethics
|December 18, 2021
Summary
The patient preference predictor (PPP) algorithm can help predict incapacitated patients' treatment choices, improving substituted judgment. Criticisms regarding autonomy and evidence are evaluated, finding no reason to reject PPP development.
Area of Science:
- Bioethics
- Medical Informatics
- Health Law
Background:
- Decisionally incapacitated patients require treatment preferences to be determined.
- The substituted judgment standard aims to honor patient autonomy.
- Surrogates may not accurately predict patient treatment preferences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate criticisms of the proposed patient preference predictor (PPP) algorithm.
- To determine if the PPP algorithm respects patient autonomy and decision-making factors.
- To support the development and evaluation of the PPP algorithm.
Main Methods:
- Review and analysis of existing criticisms regarding the PPP algorithm.
- Philosophical evaluation of the PPP's consistency with patient autonomy principles.
- Assessment of the PPP's alignment with evidence-based treatment decision-making.
Main Results:
- Criticisms concerning patient autonomy and evidence use do not invalidate the PPP.
- The PPP has the potential to improve the accuracy of substituted judgment.
- The PPP is consistent with respecting patient autonomy when properly developed.
Conclusions:
- The criticisms against the patient preference predictor (PPP) are not sufficient grounds for rejection.
- Further development and practical evaluation of the PPP algorithm are warranted.
- The PPP can enhance ethical and accurate treatment decisions for incapacitated patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Ethical Issues
1.3K
Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
1.3K
01:13Patient-centered Care
2.4K
Patient-centered care involves delivering care beyond inpatient hospitalization. Reflective practice can enhance a patient-centered approach. Reflective practice is a process of reasoning that considers all aspects of the present situation, including practicalities, learning from personal practice, and consideration of patient needs. Patients appreciate care decisions made while considering their input. Involving the patient in their care provides the patient with a sense of contribution rather...
2.4K
01:08The Availability Heuristic
6.6K
A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
6.6K
01:08Obedience
33.2K
According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation,...
33.2K
01:25Motivational Bias
125
Cognitive bias results from limitations in thinking and information processing, leading to systematic errors in judgment. Conversely, motivational bias stems from personal desires or emotions, causing distortions in perception to align with self-interest. Motivational bias influences how individuals perceive and attribute causes to events, often shaped by personal needs, goals, and self-esteem preservation. This bias can distort judgment, leading to inaccurate assessments of success, failure,...
125
01:22Ethics and Bioethics
1.7K
Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
1.7K