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Cytoplasmic eIF6 promotes OSCC malignant behavior through AKT pathway.

Zechen Zhao1,2,3, Weiming Chu1,4, Yang Zheng1,5

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Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 (eIF6) is highly expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Targeting eIF6 may offer a new therapeutic strategy for OSCC patients.

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AKTCell invasion and migrationEMTOSCCeIF6

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 (eIF6), also known as integrin β4 binding protein, is crucial for ribosome biogenesis and mRNA translation.
  • eIF6 plays a vital role in cell growth and reproduction, including tumor cell proliferation.
  • The specific role of eIF6 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been previously elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression and function of eIF6 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
  • To explore the potential of eIF6 as a therapeutic target for OSCC.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) analyzed eIF6 expression in 233 OSCC samples.
  • Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed using CCK-8, wound healing, and Transwell assays following eIF6 overexpression or knockdown.
  • Western blot, immunofluorescence (IF), and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) were employed for mechanistic investigations.

Main Results:

  • Cytoplasmic eIF6 was significantly upregulated in OSCC tissues, correlating with tumor size and clinical grade.
  • eIF6 overexpression enhanced OSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo.
  • eIF6 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OSCC by activating the AKT signaling pathway through direct interaction with AKT.

Conclusions:

  • eIF6 is aberrantly expressed in OSCC and drives tumor progression via the AKT pathway.
  • eIF6 represents a potential novel therapeutic target for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Findings provide a basis for improved prognosis and targeted therapy in OSCC.