Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
11:15

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

24.6K

Pharmacogenomics in solid cancers and hematologic malignancies: Improving personalized drug prescription

Maud Maillard1, Baptiste Louveau2, Paul Vilquin2

  • 1Institut Claudius-Regaud, Institut universitaire du cancer de Toulouse, IUCT-Oncopole, 31059 Toulouse, France; Centre de recherches en cancérologie de Toulouse CRCT, 31037 Toulouse, France; Université Paul-Sabatier Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse, France.

Therapie
|December 19, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Advances in oncology utilize molecular alterations for targeted therapies and pharmacogenetic markers to optimize chemotherapy. This review covers current clinical applications and recent pharmacogenomics advances for personalized cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Oncogenesis research rapidly identifies molecular alterations driving cancer.
  • High-throughput sequencing aids in discovering genomic targets and predictive biomarkers.
  • Pharmacogenetic markers from host genome DNA optimize chemotherapy use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current clinical applications of constitutional pharmacogenetics (PG).
  • To present recent concepts and advances in pharmacogenomics.
  • To highlight the role of molecular alterations in personalized cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pharmacogenomics and targeted cancer therapies.
  • Analysis of molecular alterations in both constitutional and somatic genomes.
  • Focus on clinical applications of pharmacogenetic markers.

Main Results:

  • Emergence of theranostic markers for targeted treatments.
  • Identification of pharmacogenetic markers for chemotherapy optimization.
  • Pharmacogenomics integrates constitutional and tumor genome data for treatment guidance.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacogenomics is a rapidly evolving field crucial for personalized oncology.
  • Understanding molecular alterations in the host and tumor genomes enhances therapeutic strategies.
  • Clinical application of pharmacogenetic markers improves chemotherapy efficacy and safety.
Keywords:
OncogeneticsOncohematologyPharmacogeneticsPharmacogenomicsTargeted therapyTheranostic approach

More Related Videos

Assessing Specificity of Anticancer Drugs In Vitro09:39

Assessing Specificity of Anticancer Drugs In Vitro

Published on: March 23, 2016

9.6K
Preparation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Pellets and Plasma from a Single Blood Draw at Clinical Trial Sites for Biomarker Analysis07:40

Preparation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Pellets and Plasma from a Single Blood Draw at Clinical Trial Sites for Biomarker Analysis

Published on: March 20, 2021

17.4K

Related Concept Videos

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.2K
Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
10
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview01:19

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview

Nonlinear or dose-dependent pharmacokinetics is a phenomenon that occurs when the pharmacokinetic parameters of certain drugs deviate from linear pharmacokinetics at higher doses. These drugs do not follow the expected first-order kinetics, where the rate of drug elimination is directly proportional to the drug concentration. Instead, they exhibit a nonlinear relationship, which can be attributed to several factors.
Nonlinearity can arise due to the saturation of plasma protein-binding or...
644
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
7
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters01:01

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
14