Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 9, 2025

15:05
Technique and Considerations in the Use of 4x1 Ring High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation HD-tDCS
Published on: July 14, 2013
37.9K
Electric scooters: convenient transport or ED headache?
1Dental Core trainee Oral Maxillofacial Surgery at King's College Hospital, United Kingdom.
The British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
|December 19, 2021
Summary
Electric scooter injuries are rising, particularly facial and head trauma, often linked to alcohol and no helmets. New UK data highlights the need for safety regulations for e-scooter use.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Trauma Surgery
- Transportation Safety
Background:
- Electric scooters (e-scooters) offer private transport alternatives during the pandemic.
- Increased e-scooter adoption correlates with a rise in craniomaxillofacial injuries.
- Injuries are frequently associated with alcohol consumption and absence of protective gear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present the first UK data on electric scooter-related injuries.
- To analyze the types of injuries sustained in the post-lockdown period.
- To advocate for legislative changes to improve e-scooter safety.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of UK e-scooter injury data.
- Documentation of injury types, including facial lacerations, fractures, and dental avulsions.
- Correlation of injuries with factors like alcohol use and helmet non-wear.
Main Results:
- Significant increase in craniomaxillofacial injuries linked to e-scooter use.
- Reported injuries include facial lacerations, mandibular and midface fractures, and dental trauma.
- Cervical spine injuries were also observed in the post-lockdown period.
Conclusions:
- E-scooter use presents a growing public health concern due to associated injuries.
- Legislation should mandate helmet use, lighting, and sobriety for e-scooters, similar to bicycles.
- Implementing safety regulations can mitigate morbidity and mortality risks while preserving e-scooter benefits.
Related Concept Videos
Equilibrium and Balance
5.2K
The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
5.2K
Stimulants
532
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
532
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects
515
Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
Unlike...
Unlike...
515
Back EMF
3.4K
Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, whereas motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. A motor works by sending a current through a loop of wire located in a magnetic field. As a result, the magnetic field exerts a torque on the loop. This rotates a shaft, extracting mechanical work from the electrical current sent in initially. When the coil of a motor is turned, magnetic flux changes through the coil, and an emf (consistent with Faraday's law) is...
3.4K
Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors
283
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
283
Electroconvulsive Therapy
251
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
251

