Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

40.0K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
40.0K
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:24

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

1.2K
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
1.2K
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

8.4K
The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the...
8.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Charge based boundary element method with residual driven adaptive mesh refinement for high resolution electrical stimulation modeling.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Influence of frequency and pulse train duration on respiratory responses during transcutaneous phrenic nerve stimulation in humans.

Journal of neural engineering·2026
Same author

Global prevalence and disability burden of brain disorders: Impact of neurological, mental, and substance use disorders.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same author

Erratum: Multivariate assessment of the central-cardiorespiratory network structure in neuropathological disease (2018<i>Physiol. Meas</i>.<b>39</b>074004).

Physiological measurement·2026
Same author

Uptake of Shingles, Influenza, COVID-19 and Pneumococcal Vaccination in Patients with Inflammatory Arthritis: A Three-Centre Study.

Vaccines·2026
Same author

An ultra-sensitive multi-channel MEG system for the non-invasive single-trial detection of cortical population spikes.

Scientific reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:33

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: November 15, 2024

1.5K

Individually optimized multi-channel tDCS for targeting somatosensory cortex.

Asad Khan1, Marios Antonakakis1, Nikolas Vogenauer1

  • 1Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
|December 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new multi-channel transcranial direct current stimulation (mc-tDCS) method, D-CMI, optimizes current delivery for brain targets. This approach balances high stimulation intensity with reduced side effects for improved neuro-modulation experiments.

Keywords:
Electroencephalography (EEG)Finite element method (FEM)Magnetoencephalography (MEG)Multi-channel transcranial direct current stimulation (mc-tDCS)Skull conductivity calibrationSource analysistDCS optimization methods

More Related Videos

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
08:53

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke

Published on: June 6, 2025

764
Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging
11:24

Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging

Published on: December 12, 2012

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:33

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: November 15, 2024

1.5K
Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
08:53

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke

Published on: June 6, 2025

764
Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging
11:24

Targeted Labeling of Neurons in a Specific Functional Micro-domain of the Neocortex by Combining Intrinsic Signal and Two-photon Imaging

Published on: December 12, 2012

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique.
  • Current tDCS methods often use a simple 2-patch electrode system.
  • Optimizing current flow to specific brain targets remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel multi-channel tDCS (mc-tDCS) optimization method called distributed constrained maximum intensity (D-CMI).
  • To compare the D-CMI method against existing methods (MI, ADMM, 2-Patch) for targeting the P20/N20 somatosensory source.
  • To utilize integrated MEG/EEG source analysis with individualized head models for precise targeting.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and simulated the D-CMI method for mc-tDCS.
  • Generated electric field simulations for D-CMI, MI, ADMM, and 2-Patch methods.
  • Used individualized, realistic head models with calibrated skull conductivity based on combined MEG and EEG source analysis for 10 subjects.

Main Results:

  • Both D-CMI and MI methods achieved higher intensities parallel to the P20/N20 target compared to ADMM and 2-Patch.
  • The ADMM method demonstrated the highest focality of stimulation.
  • D-CMI showed slightly lower intensity than MI but distributed current over multiple electrodes, reducing side effects and skin sensations.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized D-CMI montages offer a favorable balance between target current intensity and minimized side effects.
  • The D-CMI approach is recommended for future somatosensory experiments.
  • Integrated MEG/EEG source analysis combined with D-CMI mc-tDCS holds potential for enhanced control, reproducibility, and reduced sham-real stimulation sensitivity differences.