European vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 2. Experimental equipment and methods

Area of Science:

• Spaceflight research
• Vestibular system science
• Human physiology in microgravity

Background:

• The first Spacelab mission provided a unique opportunity to study human vestibular function.
• Understanding space adaptation is crucial for astronaut health and mission success.
• Previous research highlighted the need for comprehensive vestibular testing in microgravity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a series of vestibular experiments during the first Spacelab mission.
• To assess the human vestibular system's response to various stimuli in microgravity.
• To present the experimental apparatus and methodology used for flight and ground tests.

Main Methods:

• Pre-, in-, and postflight tests were conducted using a multipurpose experimental apparatus.
• Stimulation methods included optokinetic, caloric, and mechanical (linear acceleration, roll, yaw).
• Physiological data (electro-oculogram, blood-volume-pulse, respiration) and stimulus variables were recorded.

Main Results:

• Detailed flight and ground testing schedules were implemented.
• Data on vestibular responses to diverse stimuli were collected.
• Challenges encountered during the complex mission were identified.

Conclusions:

• The study successfully executed vestibular experiments on the Spacelab mission.
• The collected data provide insights into vestibular function in microgravity.
• Recommendations for future spaceflight vestibular research were proposed.