Three-dimensional telesurgery and remote proctoring over a 5G network.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Surgical Technology
• Telemedicine

Background:

• Vitreoretinal surgery requires high-resolution visualization and precision.
• Advancements in 5G cellular networks offer potential for real-time, high-bandwidth data transmission.
• Heads-up display (HUD) surgical platforms enhance surgeon visualization and ergonomics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To demonstrate the feasibility of performing vitreoretinal surgery using a 3D HUD platform.
• To assess the real-time transmission of 3D surgical video over a 5G cellular network.
• To evaluate the potential of this technology for telesurgery and remote surgical education.

Main Methods:

• Two cases of vitreoretinal surgery (epiretinal membrane peel, tractional retinal detachment repair) were performed.
• The surgeries utilized a 3D HUD surgical platform.
• Live 3D video was transmitted over a Verizon 5G network to a remote location.

Main Results:

• Both surgeries were technically successful.
• High-quality 3D surgical video was transmitted with minimal degradation.
• Low latency (average round-trip 16 ms) allowed for remote observation and real-time communication.
• Remote proctoring and training were facilitated.

Conclusions:

• This pilot study is the first to demonstrate successful vitreoretinal surgery transmission via a 5G network.
• 5G-enabled telesurgery holds promise for enhancing surgical education and expert consultation.
• The technology may improve patient outcomes, particularly in remote or resource-limited settings.