Alcohol Use in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Alcohol consumption is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but alcohol has been reported to be the most-avoided diet item by this patient population. This article explores the available evidence for the impact that alcohol use has on IBD development, relapse, symptom control, and medication interactions. Although evidence linking the consumption of alcoholic beverages and the development of new-onset IBD is controversial, prospective research has reported that alcohol use is associated with a higher risk of relapse. Moreover, patients with IBD report worse gastrointestinal symptoms following alcohol consumption. On the other hand, alcoholic beverages such as red wine may have anti-inflammatory properties capable of assisting in disease control, although they may also have a negative effect on disease monitoring, namely fecal calprotectin levels. Importantly, the use of alcohol can interfere with the metabolism of several medications, leading to increased adverse events or even loss of efficacy. In the available literature, alcohol use in patients with IBD trends toward harmful effects; however, more research is needed to provide confident recommendations.