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Multimodal Label-Free Monitoring of Adipogenic Stem Cell Differentiation Using Endogenous Optical Biomarkers.

Nishir Mehta1, Shahensha Shaik2, Alisha Prasad1

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.

Advanced Functional Materials
|December 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new hyperspectral imaging method precisely identifies differentiating stem cells at single-cell resolution. This label-free technique offers high sensitivity for evaluating stem cell purity in potential therapies.

Keywords:
MALDIRaman microscopyhyperspectral imaginglabel-free stem cell imagingsecond harmonic generation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Stem cell therapies hold great promise for treating diseases.
  • Clinical application requires sensitive, non-destructive methods to assess stem cell purity (<0.001%).
  • Current methods for evaluating stem cell differentiation have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel hyperspectral imaging (HSI) method for label-free identification of differentiating stem cells.
  • To assess the sensitivity and resolution of HSI compared to standard techniques.
  • To demonstrate the utility of HSI in preclinical models.

Main Methods:

  • Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) combined with spectral angle mapping (SAM) machine learning.
  • Label-free identification of adipogenesis in human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs).
  • Comparison with Oil Red O staining, fluorescence microscopy, qPCR, Raman microscopy, multiphoton imaging, and MALDI-MSI.

Main Results:

  • HSI successfully distinguished differentiating hASCs from control cells at single-cell resolution.
  • The method achieved high sensitivity for detecting adipogenesis.
  • HSI accurately assessed adipocyte abundance in a transgenic mice model.
  • Multimodal imaging provided complementary functional and chemical information.

Conclusions:

  • HSI offers a sensitive, label-free approach for evaluating stem cell differentiation.
  • This technique can significantly aid in the clinical translation of stem cell therapies.
  • Multimodal imaging enhances the comprehensive analysis of stem cell function and differentiation.