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Published on: January 12, 2020
A Comprehensive Bioinformatic Analysis of NOTCH Pathway Involvement in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Dongyun Xue1, Dong Li1, Cong Dou2
1Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China.
Background:
Activation of NOTCH signaling pathways, which are key regulators of multiple cellular functions, has been frequently implicated in cancer pathogenesis, and NOTCH inhibitors have received much recent focus in the context of cancer therapeutics. However, the role and possible involvement of NOTCH pathways in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) are unclear. Here, putative regulatory mechanisms and functions of NOTCH pathways in STAD were investigated.
Methods:
Publicly available data from the TCGA-STAD database were utilized to explore the involvement of canonical NOTCH pathways in STAD by analyzing RNA expression levels of NOTCH receptors, ligands, and downstream genes. Statistical analysis of the data pertaining to cancer and noncancerous samples was performed using R software packages and public databases/webservers.
Results:
Significant differential gene expression between control and STAD samples was noted for all NOTCH receptors (NOTCH1, 2, 3, and 4), the delta-like NOTCH ligands (DLL-3 and 4), and typical downstream genes (HES1 and HEY1). Four genes (NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3, and HEY1) presented prognostic values for the STAD outcome in terms of overall survival. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that NOTCH family genes-strongly correlated genes were mainly enriched in several KEGG signaling pathways such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, human papillomavirus infection, focal adhesion, Rap1 signaling pathway, and ECM-receptor interaction. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results showed that NOTCH family genes-significantly correlated genes were mainly enriched in four signaling pathways, ECM (extracellular matrix), tumor angiogenesis, inflammatory response, and immune regulation.
Conclusions:
NOTCH family genes may play an essential role in the progression of STAD by modulating immune cells and mediating ECM synthesis, angiogenesis, focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling. Multiple NOTCH family genes are valuable candidate biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the management of STAD.
Insights
NOTCH signaling pathways are implicated in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) progression, influencing immune cells, angiogenesis, and PI3K-Akt signaling. These NOTCH genes represent potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for STAD management.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Signaling Pathways
Background:
- NOTCH signaling is crucial for cellular functions and implicated in cancer.
- The role of NOTCH pathways in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) remains unclear.
- This study investigates NOTCH pathway mechanisms and functions in STAD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the involvement of canonical NOTCH pathways in STAD.
- To identify potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for STAD.
Main Methods:
- Utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-STAD database for RNA expression analysis.
- Analyzed NOTCH receptors, ligands, and downstream genes in STAD and non-cancerous samples.
- Performed statistical analysis and functional enrichment analyses (KEGG, GSEA).
Main Results:
- Significant differential expression of NOTCH receptors, ligands (DLL-3, DLL-4), and downstream genes (HES1, HEY1) in STAD.
- NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3, and HEY1 showed prognostic value for overall survival in STAD.
- NOTCH-correlated genes are enriched in pathways including PI3K-Akt, focal adhesion, ECM interaction, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immune regulation.
Conclusions:
- NOTCH family genes are essential in STAD progression via immune modulation, ECM synthesis, angiogenesis, focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling.
- Multiple NOTCH family genes show promise as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for STAD management.
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