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Protective Effects of Familial Longevity Decrease With Age and Become Negligible for Centenarians.

Natalia S Gavrilova1,2, Leonid A Gavrilov1,2

  • 1Academic Research Centers, NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|December 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Familial longevity offers a survival advantage before age 100, but this benefit diminishes in extreme old age. Genetic factors may influence early-life mortality but not survival past 100 years.

Keywords:
CentenariansGompertz lawLate-life mortalityParentsSiblings

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Biological relatives of long-lived individuals exhibit lower mortality and longer lifespans, suggesting a genetic component.
  • Limited data exists on how familial longevity impacts age-specific mortality patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of familial longevity on mortality trajectories after age 50.
  • To examine if parental longevity influences survival past 100 years.

Main Methods:

  • Compared mortality patterns of siblings of centenarians versus siblings of shorter-lived individuals (n=22,353).
  • Analyzed offspring mortality based on parental lifespan (80+ vs. <80 years).
  • Utilized Cox proportional hazards model to assess survival of US centenarians (n=3,408) based on parental longevity.

Main Results:

  • Relatives of long-lived individuals showed lower mortality before age 100, but this advantage disappeared thereafter.
  • Maternal and paternal longevity (lifespan 80+ years) was not significantly associated with survival beyond age 100.

Conclusions:

  • Familial longevity may confer early-life survival benefits, possibly due to higher initial biological reserves.
  • Genetic or familial factors influencing longevity may not extend survival significantly past 100 years, aligning with reliability theory of aging and heterogeneity hypotheses.