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In vitro performance of CAD/CAM and conventional removable dentures.

Martin Rosentritt, Thomas Strasser, Michael Behr

    International Journal of Computerized Dentistry
    |December 21, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study evaluated the in vitro performance of CAD/CAM and conventional materials for removable dentures. Fully CAD/CAM dentures showed superior survival rates after thermal cycling and mechanical loading (TCML), highlighting material compatibility for optimal denture performance.

    Keywords:
    3D printingFEATCMLdenturesmillingrapid prototypingCAD/CAM

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    Area of Science:

    • Dental Materials Science
    • Biomaterials Engineering
    • Prosthodontics

    Background:

    • Advancements in CAD/CAM technology and materials science are introducing novel methods for fabricating removable prostheses.
    • Clinical data on these new materials are limited, necessitating in vitro evaluations to predict clinical outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the in vitro performance of CAD/CAM fabricated denture components compared to conventional materials.
    • To evaluate the durability of different denture base and tooth materials under simulated oral conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Specimens of denture teeth, base materials, and adhesives were fabricated using CAD/CAM and conventional techniques.
    • All specimens underwent rigorous thermal cycling and mechanical loading (TCML) simulating long-term intraoral use.
    • Surviving specimens were subjected to fracture testing to determine mechanical resistance.

    Main Results:

    • Mean loading cycles to failure varied significantly across material groups, ranging from 100 to 621,667 cycles.
    • The entirely CAD/CAM-fabricated denture group demonstrated exceptional survival rates post-TCML.
    • Failures during TCML primarily involved denture bases, teeth, or the adhesive interface.

    Conclusions:

    • In vitro testing revealed distinct failure patterns for denture teeth and bases under mechanical and thermal stress.
    • No direct correlation was found between fracture force, fracture pattern, and survival duration under TCML.
    • Optimizing removable denture performance requires careful matching of denture teeth, bases, and primers, considering both CAD/CAM and conventional materials.