Phonological productive processes in full-term schoolchildren and small for gestational age: a case-control study
Noemi Vieira de Freitas Rios1,2, Luciene da Cruz Fernandes3, Caio Leônidas Oliveira de Andrade1
1Curso de Fonoaudiologia, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Universidade Estadual da Bahia - UNEB - Salvador (BA), Brasil.
Codas
|December 21, 2021
Summary
Children small for gestational age (SGA) use more phonological processes affecting syllable structure than those appropriate for gestational age (AGA). This study highlights differences in speech sound development between these groups.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Speech-Language Pathology
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Linguistics
Background:
- Phonological processes are common in early speech development.
- Understanding variations in these processes is crucial for identifying potential developmental delays.
- Small for gestational age (SGA) infants may face unique developmental trajectories.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare phonological productive processes in children small for gestational age (SGA) versus those appropriate for gestational age (AGA).
- To characterize the specific phonological processes utilized by each group.
Main Methods:
- An observational, analytical, case-control study.
- 36 children were assessed: 24 SGA and 12 AGA.
- The ABFW Children's Language Test (2004) was used to evaluate phonological aspects of oral language.
Main Results:
- The SGA group exhibited a significantly higher frequency of phonological processes altering syllable structure compared to the AGA group.
- Specific unexpected phonological processes in the SGA group included fricative plosivation and liquid simplification.
- Simplifying consonant clusters and final consonants were frequent in both groups.
Conclusions:
- No direct association was found between phonological disorders and SGA status.
- However, children small for gestational age demonstrated increased use of productive phonological processes.
