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SGLT inhibitors on weight and body mass: A meta-analysis of 116 randomized-controlled trials

Alex Jia Yang Cheong1, Yao Neng Teo1, Yao Hao Teo1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
|December 21, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitors promote weight loss in patients, regardless of diabetes status. Combined SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors show greater weight reduction compared to SGLT2 inhibitors alone.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors show metabolic benefits across patient populations.
  • Emerging research explores combined sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 and 2 (SGLT1/SGLT2) inhibitors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To meta-analyze the weight reduction effects of SGLT inhibitors.
  • To investigate the dose-response relationship of SGLT inhibitors.
  • To compare the efficacy of SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors versus SGLT2 inhibitors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus) up to November 21, 2020.
  • Inclusion of 116 randomized-controlled trials with 98,497 participants.
  • Meta-analysis of weight and BMI changes compared to placebo.

Main Results:

  • SGLT inhibitors resulted in a mean weight reduction of -1.79 kg (p < 0.001) and BMI reduction of -0.71 kg/m² (p < 0.001) versus placebo.
  • Weight reduction effects were consistent across diabetes status, follow-up duration, and comorbidities.
  • SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrated significantly greater weight reduction than SGLT2 inhibitors.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT inhibitors are effective for weight reduction.
  • A dose-response relationship was observed for specific SGLT inhibitors.
  • Further research is warranted to define the role of SGLT inhibitors in weight management.

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