Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Comparison Tests01:13

Multiple Comparison Tests

4.0K
Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
4.0K
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

117
Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
117
Heuristics01:21

Heuristics

164
Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that use mental shortcuts to simplify decision-making. Unlike algorithms, which must be followed precisely to achieve a correct result, heuristics offer a general problem-solving framework. They save time and energy but can sometimes lead to less rational decisions.
People often rely on heuristics when faced with an overload of information, limited time, low importance of the decision, limited information, or when a heuristic readily comes to mind. For...
164
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

6.4K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
6.4K
Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test01:09

Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test

2.6K
The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the sample mean with a population mean or compare two means from two data sets. The test statistic is calculated from the standard deviation, mean, and number of measurements in the data set at a selected confidence interval and then compared to a table of critical values at this confidence level. If the test statistic is smaller than the critical value, the null hypothesis is accepted. In this case, we state that the difference between the...
2.6K
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

14.4K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
14.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The guardstone spiders of the genus Phonotimpus Gertsch & Davis (Araneae: Phrurolithidae) from northeastern Mexico.

Zootaxa·2023
Same author

A revision of the spider genus Orthobula Simon, 1897 (Araneae: Trachelidae) in the Afrotropical Region. I. Continental species.

Zootaxa·2022
Same author

PHILOSOPHY AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF CLADISTICS REVISITED.

Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig Society·2021
Same author

TAXONOMIC METHODS AND "EVOLUTIONARY CLADISTICS".

Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig Society·2021
Same author

AN EMPIRICAL COMPARISON OF MICROCOMPUTER PARSIMONY PROGRAMS.

Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig Society·2021
Same author

On the Information Content of Classifications.

Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig Society·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.6K

AN EMPIRICAL COMPARISON OF MICROCOMPUTER PARSIMONY PROGRAMS, II.

Norman I Platnick1

  • 1Department of Entomology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, U.S.A.

Cladistics : the International Journal of the Willi Hennig Society
|December 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

J. S. Farris's Hennig86 software significantly improves cladistic analysis effectiveness and efficiency. This new microcomputer program overcomes limitations of older software, making phylogenetic analyses more accurate and accessible.

More Related Videos

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction
16:23

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction

Published on: February 26, 2014

14.5K
Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
13:00

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Published on: January 23, 2017

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 9, 2025

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.6K
Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction
16:23

Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction

Published on: February 26, 2014

14.5K
Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
13:00

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Published on: January 23, 2017

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Phylogenetics
  • Computational Biology
  • Systematic Zoology

Background:

  • Microcomputer programs for cladistic analysis often suffer from arbitrary resolution and redundancy.
  • Previous software had limitations in data set size, cladogram storage, and execution speed.
  • Benchmarking earlier mainframe and microcomputer packages is crucial for evaluating new tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of J. S. Farris's Hennig86 microcomputer parsimony program.
  • To compare Hennig86 performance against established benchmarks and earlier software.
  • To assess Hennig86's ability to overcome limitations of existing microcomputer cladistic programs.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of Hennig86 (version 1.5) using 60 diverse data sets.
  • Comparison with data sets used for benchmarking previous mainframe and microcomputer packages.
  • Testing exact (exhaustive, minimal) and approximate (branch breaker, mhennig*, tread) analysis options.

Main Results:

  • Hennig86 demonstrates superior effectiveness and efficiency compared to earlier parsimony programs.
  • The program overcomes arbitrary resolution, redundancy, and limitations in data set size, storage, and speed.
  • For approximate analyses, the branch breaker option with mhennig* and tread commands yielded the best performance.

Conclusions:

  • Hennig86 represents a substantial advancement in the accuracy and ease of conducting cladistic analyses.
  • Earlier parsimony programs, including previous Farris software, are largely rendered obsolete by Hennig86.
  • Hennig86 offers robust solutions for phylogenetic analysis on microcomputers.