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Maternal and Neonatal Risk Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Population-Based

Seong Woo Kim1, Taemi Youk2, Jiyong Kim3

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.

Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health
|December 22, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Maternal age and birth complications like prematurity influence neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Understanding these risk factors is key to reducing incidence and severity.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal epidemiology
  • Neurodevelopmental disorder research
  • Public health

Background:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) pose significant challenges to child development.
  • Identifying maternal and neonatal risk factors is crucial for early intervention and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with pregnancy and birth outcomes impacting NDDs in children.
  • To utilize comprehensive national medical claims data for population-wide analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of birth records for all babies born in Korea between 2005-2009 from the National Health Information Database.
  • Tracking birth records until December 31, 2015, and collecting maternal data.
  • Statistical analysis to determine the association between various factors and NDDs.

Main Results:

  • Increased maternal age correlated with higher risks of cerebral palsy and autism spectrum disorder.
  • Conversely, increased maternal age showed a lower risk for intellectual disability and speech and language impairment.
  • Factors such as prematurity, low birth weight, amniotic fluid issues, preeclampsia/eclampsia, and cesarean sections were identified as significant risk factors for NDDs.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal age and specific pregnancy/birth complications are significant predictors of NDDs.
  • Socioeconomic factors also play a role, varying by disorder type.
  • This research provides foundational data for understanding and mitigating NDD risk.

Keywords:
incidencematernal healthneurodevelopmental disordersperinatal carerisk factors

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