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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography

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Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
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Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

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Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography

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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
Types of Echocardiography
Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)
TTE is the most common type of echocardiogram which involves placing a transducer on the patient's chest, emitting sound waves to create heart images. TTE is invaluable for evaluating the heart's size, structure, and motion, making it particularly useful for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies
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Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies

Published on: January 16, 2019

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Cinematic CT as a valuable protocol for severe ECAC.

Daniel Hernandez-Rojas1, David Abia-Trujillo1, Carlos Rojas2

  • 1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine Mayo Clinic Florida Jacksonville Florida USA.

Respirology Case Reports
|December 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel dynamic CT protocol accurately diagnosed expiratory central airway collapse (ECAC), offering a non-invasive alternative to bronchoscopy. This cinematic CT approach shows promise for improving ECAC diagnosis.

Keywords:
airway collapsebronchialcomputed tomographyexpiratory airway collapsetracheobronchomalacia

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Expiratory central airway collapse (ECAC) presents diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific symptoms.
  • Dynamic bronchoscopy, the gold standard for ECAC diagnosis, is invasive.
  • Current non-invasive computed tomography (CT) protocols have limited reproducibility for ECAC detection.

Observation:

  • A 77-year-old male with suspected ECAC showed no airway collapsibility on standard end-expiratory CT.
  • Dynamic bronchoscopy confirmed severe ECAC in the same patient.
  • A novel dynamic forced expiratory CT (cinematic) protocol was implemented.

Findings:

  • The novel cinematic CT protocol successfully detected severe ECAC, correlating with dynamic bronchoscopy findings.
  • Standard end-expiratory CT failed to identify the airway collapsibility.
  • The dynamic CT protocol captured detailed, consecutive helical imaging throughout the respiratory cycle.

Implications:

  • This dynamic CT approach may reduce the need for invasive procedures like dynamic bronchoscopy for ECAC diagnosis.
  • Further extensive studies are needed to validate the feasibility of this cinematic CT protocol for ECAC.
  • Improved non-invasive diagnostic tools for ECAC could enhance patient care and reduce procedural risks.