Using a ligate intestinal loop mouse model to investigate Clostridioides difficile adherence to the intestinal mucosa
Pablo Castro-Córdova1,2, María José Mendoza-León1,2, Daniel Paredes-Sabja2,3
1Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Microbiota-Host Interactions and Clostridia Research Group, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.
Abstract:
Interaction of Clostridioides difficile spores with the intestinal mucosa contributes to the persistence and recurrence of the infection. Advanced age is one of the main risk factors for C. difficile infection and recurrence of the disease. However, interaction of C. difficile spores with the intestinal mucosa during aging has not been evaluated. In the present work, using intestinal ligated loop technique in a mouse model, we analyzed C. difficile spore adherence and internalization to the ileum and colonic mucosa during aging. Additionally, we provide visual documentation of the critical steps of the procedure. Consequently, our data suggest that spore internalization in the ileum and colonic mucosa is higher in elderly mice rather than adults or young mice. Also, our data suggest that spore adherence to the ileum and colonic mucosa decreases with aging.
Insights
Clostridioides difficile spore internalization increases in the elderly gut, while adherence decreases with age. This study reveals how aging impacts C. difficile spore interactions with the intestinal lining.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
Background:
- Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) recurrence is a significant clinical challenge, particularly in older adults.
- Advanced age is a primary risk factor for CDI and its relapse.
- The interaction of C. difficile spores with the aging intestinal mucosa remains poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of aging on Clostridioides difficile spore adherence and internalization within the murine ileum and colonic mucosa.
- To provide visual documentation of the experimental methodology.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the intestinal ligated loop technique in a mouse model.
- Analyzed C. difficile spore adherence and internalization in young, adult, and elderly mice.
- Employed microscopy for visual documentation of spore-tissue interactions.
Main Results:
- Spore internalization into the ileum and colonic mucosa was significantly higher in elderly mice compared to adult and young mice.
- Spore adherence to the ileum and colonic mucosa demonstrated a decrease with advancing age.
- Visual data confirmed the differential interaction patterns.
Conclusions:
- Aging alters the interaction of Clostridioides difficile spores with the intestinal mucosa, favoring internalization over adherence in elderly individuals.
- These age-related changes in spore-mucosa dynamics may contribute to increased CDI susceptibility and recurrence in older populations.
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