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Surface-Based Spontaneous Oscillation in Schizophrenia: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Xianyu Cao1,2, Huan Huang1,2, Bei Zhang1,2
1MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|December 23, 2021
Summary
Schizophrenia patients exhibit altered brain activity patterns, specifically reduced regional homogeneity (ReHo) across the cortex. These changes in local neural synchrony may offer insights into the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Schizophrenia (SZ) is characterized by self-disorder and disordered local synchronous activation.
- Previous research indicates widespread dyssynchrony in SZ, suggesting it as a key physiological mechanism.
- Regional homogeneity (ReHo) measures local neural synchronous activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate local neural synchronous spontaneous oscillations in SZ patients compared to healthy controls (HC).
- To utilize a surface-based two-dimensional regional homogeneity (2dReHo) approach for enhanced spatial resolution.
- To explore the potential of 2dReHo as a biomarker for SZ pathophysiology.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 97 SZ patients and 126 HC.
- Employed a surface-based 2dReHo analysis of resting-state fMRI data.
- Compared global and vertex-level 2dReHo between SZ and HC groups.
Main Results:
- SZ patients demonstrated significantly reduced global 2dReHo compared to HC.
- Increased 2dReHo foci in SZ were observed in the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and limbic network (LN).
- Decreased 2dReHo foci in SZ were found in the somatomotor network (SMN), auditory network (AN), and visual network (VN).
- Positive correlations were found between 2dReHo in specific regions (bilateral rectus, right OIFG) and illness duration/negative symptom severity.
Conclusions:
- Abnormal 2dReHo patterns are present across the cortical surface in SZ patients.
- 2dReHo alterations in specific functional networks are associated with schizophrenia.
- 2dReHo analysis provides valuable features for understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
