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Resting Energy Expenditure Prediction Equations in the Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review

Jimena Fuentes-Servín1, Azalia Avila-Nava2, Luis E González-Salazar3,4

  • 1Departamento de Metodología de la Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|December 23, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Accurate energy expenditure prediction in children is crucial for growth. This review identifies and evaluates various predictive equations for healthy and ill pediatric patients, aiding clinical practice.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Metabolic Research
  • Clinical Assessment

Background:

  • Accurate determination of energy requirements is vital for optimal growth and nutritional status in children.
  • Existing predictive equations for resting energy expenditure (REE) in pediatric populations vary significantly.
  • Identifying the most effective equations and their associated variables is essential for clinical application.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases (Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS) up to January 2021.
  • Included observational studies reporting the design of predictive equations for REE in pediatric populations.
  • Excluded studies involving athletes, adults, or individuals using medications affecting energy expenditure; risk of bias was assessed.

Key Points:

  • 39 studies met inclusion criteria, analyzing equations for healthy, overweight/obese, and clinically ill pediatric groups.
  • For healthy children, FAO/WHO and Schofield equations showed highest predictive accuracy (R²).
  • For children with obesity, Molnár and Dietz equations demonstrated the highest accuracy for both genders.

Conclusions:

  • Numerous predictive equations for pediatric energy expenditure exist, necessitating critical evaluation for clinical use.
  • This systematic review provides a comprehensive compilation of these equations, supporting informed clinical decision-making.
  • Understanding the performance of different equations across various pediatric subgroups is key to improving nutritional management.

Keywords:
adolescentschildrenenergy expenditureindirect calorimetrypredictive equation

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