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Interpretable, not black-box, artificial intelligence should be used for embryo selection.

Michael Anis Mihdi Afnan1, Yanhe Liu2,3,4,5, Vincent Conitzer6,7,8,9,10

  • 1Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Greater Manchester, UK.

Human Reproduction Open
|December 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise in in vitro fertilization (IVF) for embryo selection. However, interpretable AI models and rigorous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are crucial for ethical and effective implementation.

Keywords:
AIIVFMLartificial intelligenceblack-boxembryo selectionethicsinterpretablemachine learning

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Medical Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly explored for embryo selection in in vitro fertilization (IVF).
  • AI offers potential for complex data analysis and objective embryo evaluation.
  • Current literature highlights significant gaps before ethical AI implementation in IVF.

Discussion:

  • Existing AI efficacy studies show limited ability to differentiate between embryos of similar quality, a key clinical challenge.
  • The prevalent 'black-box' nature of AI models raises epistemic and ethical concerns, including trust, generalizability, and accountability.
  • Interpretable AI models, which are easily understood by humans, could mitigate these ethical and practical issues.

Key Insights:

  • No randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exist for AI in IVF embryo selection.
  • AI models often lack interpretability, hindering trust and raising ethical questions.
  • AI can distinguish broadly between good and poor embryos, but struggles with nuanced differentiation.

Outlook:

  • Future AI in IVF must prioritize interpretable models and undergo rigorous evaluation via RCTs.
  • Long-term follow-up of children born from AI-selected embryos is recommended.
  • Regulatory oversight and open-source data/code are essential for validation and ethical deployment.