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Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are techniques that use antibodies to check for specific proteins or antigens in a sample. The technique was first published by Albert Coons in 1941 to detect the presence of pneumococcal antigen in tissue sections from mice infected with Pneumococcus. Immunocytochemistry helps localization of proteins or antigens in individual cells like blood cells, stem cells, etc., while immunohistochemistry does the same for tissue samples.
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SARS-CoV-2 Immunohistochemistry In Placenta.

Dinesh Rakheja^1,2, Kristina Treat³, Charles F Timmons^1,2

¹12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

International Journal of Surgical Pathology

|December 23, 2021

Summary

The Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 causes more severe infections in pregnant women. A new, sensitive immunohistochemical assay can quickly diagnose placental infection, aiding in clinical practice.

Keywords:

COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 electron microscopy immunohistochemistry nucleocapsid protein placenta spike protein ultrastructure

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Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Pathology

Background:

The Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 is associated with increased prevalence and severity of infection in pregnant individuals.
Diagnosing placental infection by SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for managing pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a sensitive, specific, and cost-effective method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection in placental tissue.
To provide a reliable diagnostic tool for routine placental pathology practice.

Main Methods:

Development and validation of an immunohistochemical assay targeting the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein.
Application of the assay in placental pathology.

Main Results:

The described immunohistochemical assay demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for detecting SARS-CoV-2.
The assay is suitable for routine use in placental pathology.

Conclusions:

A rapid and accurate diagnostic method for placental SARS-CoV-2 infection is now available.
This assay can improve the diagnosis and management of pregnant women affected by SARS-CoV-2.