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The Reciprocal Relationship between LDL Metabolism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Isabella Bonilha1, Eric Hajduch2, Beatriz Luchiari1
1Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil.
Type 2 diabetes causes harmful changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, increasing cardiovascular disease risk. This review covers LDL modifications in diabetes and potential treatments.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance significantly alter lipoprotein profiles.
- Characterized by an increased proportion of smaller, denser low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review structural and functional changes in LDL particles in diabetes pathophysiology.
- To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting LDL in diabetic patients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on LDL modifications in diabetes.
- Analysis of biochemical and functional alterations of LDL particles.
Main Results:
- Diabetes leads to qualitative changes in LDL composition and structure.
- Modified LDL exhibits prolonged plasma retention and increased uptake by macrophages, forming foam cells.
- These alterations contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes.
Conclusions:
- LDL particle modification is a key feature in diabetes pathophysiology.
- Targeting LDL modifications presents potential therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention in diabetic individuals.
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