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Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs

Eva Slabáková1, Zuzana Kahounová1, Jiřina Procházková1

  • 1Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.

Non-Coding RNA
|December 23, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) arises from treatment resistance. MicroRNAs, specifically miR-375, miR-34a, and miR-19b-3p, play key roles in NEPC development and progression.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a treatment-resistant variant of prostate cancer.
  • Understanding NEPC's molecular drivers is crucial for developing novel therapies.
  • Transdifferentiation to neuroendocrine-like cells is a key process in NEPC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of small molecules, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), in NEPC development.
  • To identify miRNAs experimentally validated to influence neuroendocrine markers and phenotype.
  • To summarize the impact of deregulated miRNAs on NEPC and prostate cancer progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search for miRNAs modulating neuroendocrine markers and phenotype.
  • Analysis of patient expression datasets to identify deregulated miRNAs in NEPC.
  • Review of current literature on miRNA detection in body fluids for liquid biopsy applications.

Main Results:

  • Upregulation of miR-375 is associated with NEPC.
  • Downregulation of miR-34a and miR-19b-3p is linked to NEPC.
  • Specific miRNAs are implicated in prostate cancer progression and NEPC emergence.

Conclusions:

  • Non-coding RNAs, especially miRNAs, significantly contribute to the development of NEPC.
  • miRNAs hold potential as biomarkers for NEPC detection and monitoring via liquid biopsy.
  • Targeting specific miRNAs may offer new therapeutic strategies for NEPC.
Keywords:
exosomesextracellular vesiclesliquid biomarkerslncRNAmicroRNAneuroendocrine differentiation/transdifferentiationpatients’ datasetprostate cancer

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