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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Dynamical obstruction to localization in a disordered spin chain.

Dries Sels1,2, Anatoli Polkovnikov3

  • 1Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.

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|December 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We studied a disordered spin chain and found a chaotic region. This chaos suggests the absence of a many-body localized phase, contrary to expectations.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Many-Body Systems

Background:

  • Disordered quantum systems can exhibit many-body localization (MBL), preventing thermalization.
  • Understanding phase transitions in such systems is crucial for quantum information science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the phase diagram of a one-dimensional XXZ spin chain in a disordered magnetic field.
  • Determine the existence and characteristics of a many-body localized phase.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of eigenstate sensitivity to adiabatic transformations using fidelity susceptibility.
  • Examination of low-frequency asymptotes of the spectral function.
  • Numerical simulations of the one-dimensional XXZ spin chain model.

Main Results:

  • Identified a region of maximal chaos characterized by exponentially enhanced fidelity susceptibility.
  • This chaotic region acts as a separator between potential many-body localized and diffusive ergodic phases.
  • Observed slow transport dynamics within this intermediate regime.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of slow dynamics and maximal chaos suggests the absence of a true many-body localized phase in the thermodynamic limit.
  • The findings challenge the conventional understanding of localization transitions in disordered quantum spin chains.
  • Results are more consistent with a scenario lacking a localized phase.