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Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
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Brain Substrates for Distinct Spatial Processing Components Contributing to Hemineglect in Humans.

Yann Cojan1,2, Arnaud Saj1,2,3,4, Patrik Vuilleumier1

  • 1Laboratory for Behavioral Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Neuroscience Department, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

Brain Sciences
|December 24, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals distinct brain regions responsible for different spatial processing deficits in hemispatial neglect. Damage to the parietal cortex impacts bisection tasks, while frontal and temporal lobe damage affects visual search.

Keywords:
attentional processesfrontal lobefunctional MRIparietal lobespatial neglect

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Hemispatial neglect is linked to damage in right hemisphere cortical and sub-cortical networks.
  • These networks are crucial for spatial and attentional functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To pinpoint the neural substrates underlying specific spatial processing components contributing to neglect.
  • Investigate the relationship between lesion location and spatial task performance.

Main Methods:

  • Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping in 27 right brain-damaged patients performing visual search, bisection, and visual memory tasks.
  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 26 healthy controls performing the same tasks.

Main Results:

  • fMRI showed distinct parietal and frontal lobe activations for bisection and visual search in controls.
  • In patients, right lateral parietal cortex damage correlated with bisection deficits.
  • Frontal and temporal lobe lesions were critical for visual search deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial attentional processes comprise distinct components.
  • Different brain regions are differentially vulnerable to damage, leading to specific neglect symptoms.