Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sex and life experience shape locus coeruleus pretangle tau pathology.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

How prediction error drives memory updating: role of locus coeruleus-hippocampal interactions.

Trends in neurosciences·2025
Same author

Shifting focus to preclinical stages: Locus coeruleus tau pathology as a driver and therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease.

Neural regeneration research·2025
Same author

Effects of Age and Atomoxetine on Olfactory Perception and Learning and Underlying Plasticity Mechanisms in Rats.

The European journal of neuroscience·2024
Same author

Locus coeruleus vulnerability to tau hyperphosphorylation in a rat model.

Aging cell·2024
Same author

Hippocampal hyperphosphorylated tau-induced deficiency is rescued by L-type calcium channel blockade.

Brain communications·2024
Same journal

Anterior Cingulate Cortex Mediates State-Dependent Prioritization of Distressed Conspecifics.

Brain sciences·2026
Same journal

Hemispherotomy for Pediatric Post-Traumatic Epilepsy.

Brain sciences·2026
Same journal

When Robots Learn: Artificial Intelligence and the Next Human-Centered Era of Neurorehabilitation.

Brain sciences·2026
Same journal

The Association Between Changes in White Matter Microstructure and Cognitive Function in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Brain sciences·2026
Same journal

Beyond Ventricular Enlargement: Multimodal MRI Assessment Improves Surgical Decision-Making in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Brain sciences·2026
Same journal

The Effects of Personalized Observation, Execution, and Mental Imagery (POEM) Therapy in Logopenic Primary Progressive Aphasia: A Telepractice-Based Single-Case Study.

Brain sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Optogenetic Entrainment of Hippocampal Theta Oscillations in Behaving Mice
07:33

Optogenetic Entrainment of Hippocampal Theta Oscillations in Behaving Mice

Published on: June 29, 2018

11.9K

Locus Coeruleus Optogenetic Modulation: Lessons Learned from Temporal Patterns.

Carolyn W Harley1, Qi Yuan2

  • 1Psychology Department, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.

Brain Sciences
|December 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Different firing patterns of locus coeruleus neurons create nucleus heterogeneity, influencing behavior through distinct circuitry and adrenoceptor interactions. Optogenetic activation reveals state-dependent, sometimes opposing, behavioral outcomes.

Keywords:
arousallocus coeruleusnoradrenalineolfactory learningstress

More Related Videos

Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits
07:43

Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

Published on: December 27, 2013

9.4K
Two Different Real-Time Place Preference Paradigms Using Optogenetics within the Ventral Tegmental Area of the Mouse
05:50

Two Different Real-Time Place Preference Paradigms Using Optogenetics within the Ventral Tegmental Area of the Mouse

Published on: February 12, 2020

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Optogenetic Entrainment of Hippocampal Theta Oscillations in Behaving Mice
07:33

Optogenetic Entrainment of Hippocampal Theta Oscillations in Behaving Mice

Published on: June 29, 2018

11.9K
Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits
07:43

Laser-scanning Photostimulation of Optogenetically Targeted Forebrain Circuits

Published on: December 27, 2013

9.4K
Two Different Real-Time Place Preference Paradigms Using Optogenetics within the Ventral Tegmental Area of the Mouse
05:50

Two Different Real-Time Place Preference Paradigms Using Optogenetics within the Ventral Tegmental Area of the Mouse

Published on: February 12, 2020

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Neuroscience
  • Optogenetics

Background:

  • The locus coeruleus (LC) is a key brainstem nucleus involved in arousal, stress, and cognition.
  • Understanding LC functional heterogeneity is crucial for deciphering its diverse behavioral roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review optogenetic studies investigating the functional role of the locus coeruleus in behavior.
  • To elucidate how LC neuronal activity patterns contribute to nucleus heterogeneity and behavioral modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of seminal studies employing optogenetics to target locus coeruleus neurons.
  • Analysis of how varying optogenetic stimulation patterns and frequencies impact neuronal activity and behavior.

Main Results:

  • Differences in locus coeruleus neuron firing rates and patterns contribute to LC nucleus heterogeneity.
  • Specific activation patterns recruit distinct output circuitry, leading to differential behavioral modifications.
  • Optogenetic stimulation can yield opposite behavioral consequences depending on input patterns and frequencies.
  • LC outputs engage distinct adrenoceptors and are modulated by the organism's behavioral state.

Conclusions:

  • Locus coeruleus functional heterogeneity arises from diverse neuronal firing dynamics.
  • Optogenetic interrogation reveals the complex, state-dependent modulation of behavior by the locus coeruleus.