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Bioactive Compounds in Oxidative Stress-Mediated Diseases: Targeting the NRF2/ARE Signaling Pathway and Epigenetic

Muthu Thiruvengadam1, Baskar Venkidasamy2, Umadevi Subramanian3

  • 1Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Dietary phytochemicals modulate the NRF2 pathway, offering protection against oxidative stress and related diseases like diabetes and cancer. These compounds activate antioxidant defenses by influencing NRF2 signaling and epigenetic modifications.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Oxidative stress, an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, underlies various diseases.
  • Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a key regulator of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses.
  • NRF2/ARE signaling is a crucial target for treating diseases linked to oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of NRF2 in major diseases including diabetes, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, cancer, and atherosclerosis.
  • To explore the potential of dietary phytochemicals in modulating NRF2 signaling for disease prevention.
  • To summarize the mechanisms by which phytochemicals influence NRF2 activity and downstream effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating NRF2 signaling in disease pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of research on dietary phytochemicals (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol) and their effects on NRF2.
  • Examination of in vitro and in vivo models demonstrating NRF2 modulation by phytochemicals.

Main Results:

  • NRF2 plays a significant role in diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer, and atherosclerosis.
  • Dietary phytochemicals like curcumin, quercetin, and sulforaphane effectively modulate NRF2/ARE signaling.
  • Phytochemicals prevent diseases by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation via NRF2 activation and epigenetic changes.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary phytochemicals are potent modulators of NRF2 signaling, offering a promising therapeutic strategy.
  • Targeting NRF2 with phytochemicals can combat oxidative stress-related diseases.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the upstream regulation of NRF2 and phytochemical interactions.
Keywords:
NRF2cancerdiabetesepigenetic modificationoxidative stressphytochemicals

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