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Spatially Compact Arrangement of Larval Zebrafish Sections for Spatial Transcriptomic Analysis
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Brains in Metamorphosis: Temporal Transcriptome Dynamics in Hatchery-Reared Flatfishes.

Laura Guerrero-Peña1, Paula Suarez-Bregua1, Luis Méndez-Martínez1

  • 1Aquatic Biotechnology Lab., Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain.

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|December 24, 2021
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Summary

Fish metamorphosis involves significant brain gene expression changes. The climax stage unexpectedly shows high immune response gene activity, suggesting tissue remodeling during this critical developmental transition.

Keywords:
RNAbrainmetamorphosissequencingtranscriptometurbot

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Fish Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Metamorphosis is a crucial developmental stage in fish, involving significant morphological changes initiated in the brain.
  • The molecular mechanisms underlying fish metamorphosis, particularly in flatfish, remain incompletely understood.
  • Understanding these processes is vital for aquaculture and comprehending vertebrate development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic gene expression patterns in the turbot brain during metamorphosis.
  • To identify key molecular pathways and genes involved in pre-metamorphic, climax, and post-metamorphic stages.
  • To elucidate the role of the immune system during the climax of metamorphosis.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptome analysis of turbot brain tissue across three developmental stages: pre-metamorphic, climax, and post-metamorphic.
  • Differential gene expression analysis to identify stage-specific gene activity.
  • Biological pathway enrichment analysis to determine functional roles of expressed genes.

Main Results:

  • A total of 1570 differentially expressed genes were identified across the three developmental stages.
  • Distinct gene expression patterns were observed at each metamorphic stage.
  • Unexpectedly high expression of immune response genes was noted during the climax stage, contrasting with cell differentiation (pre-metamorphic) and oxygen carrier activity (post-metamorphic) pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Turbot metamorphosis involves complex, stage-specific gene expression dynamics in the brain.
  • The activation of immune response genes during the climax stage may be linked to larval tissue inflammation, resorption, and replacement.
  • Thyroid stimulating hormone expression increases during metamorphosis, confirming its regulatory role.