Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence
13:59

A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence

Published on: August 12, 2018

8.3K

Regulation of Hypoxic Signaling and Oxidative Stress via the MicroRNA-SIRT2 Axis and Its Relationship with

Taku Kaitsuka1, Masayuki Matsushita2, Nobuko Matsushita3

  • 1School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan.

Cells
|December 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is crucial for cellular stress response and neuronal health. MicroRNAs regulate SIRT2, and genetic variations in this interaction are linked to neurodegenerative diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Sirtuins, including SIRT2, are key regulators of metabolism, aging, and stress response.
  • SIRT2, a cytosolic sirtuin abundant in neurons, plays a vital role in cellular functions.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their role in posttranscriptional gene regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of SIRT2 in stress response.
  • To highlight the posttranscriptional regulation of SIRT2 by miRNAs.
  • To discuss the implications of the SIRT2-miRNA axis in aging-related diseases, particularly neurodegeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on SIRT2.
  • Analysis of research on miRNA regulation of SIRT2 expression via its 3'-untranslated region (UTR).
  • Examination of studies linking single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SIRT2 3'-UTR miRNA-binding sites to neurodegenerative diseases.

Main Results:

  • SIRT2 is involved in mediating cellular stress responses.
  • miRNAs posttranscriptionally regulate SIRT2 expression through its 3'-UTR.
  • SNPs in SIRT2 3'-UTR miRNA-binding sites are associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The SIRT2-miRNA axis is a critical regulatory pathway.
  • Dysregulation of this axis contributes to the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases.
  • Targeting the SIRT2-miRNA interaction may offer therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders.
Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseHIF-1αParkinson’s diseaseSIRT2hypoxiamicroRNAoxidative stresssirtuins

More Related Videos

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence06:51

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence

Published on: May 1, 2017

34.0K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Mitochondrial Research - mtHyper7 Biosensor for Subcellular Analysis09:47

Author Spotlight: Advancing Mitochondrial Research - mtHyper7 Biosensor for Subcellular Analysis

Published on: June 2, 2023

2.5K

Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
305
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
15.6K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.9K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.2K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
15.3K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
4.1K