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Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment: Effects on Mitochondrial Function and Oxidative Stress.

Nofar Schottlender1,2, Irit Gottfried1, Uri Ashery1,2

  • 1School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Life Sciences Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.

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Summary

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) impacts mitochondria and oxidative stress. While short-term HBOT can be harmful, long-term treatment improves mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative stress, offering therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
HIF1aNrf2SIRT1hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT)hyperoxic–hypoxic paradoxmitochondrial functionneuroinflammationoxidative stressreactive oxygen species (ROS)superoxide dismutase (SOD)

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical science
  • Physiology
  • Mitochondrial biology

Background:

  • Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) involves administering 100% oxygen at pressures exceeding 1 atmosphere absolute (ATA).
  • HBOT significantly increases dissolved oxygen levels in the blood, influencing cellular oxygen consumption and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production within mitochondria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of HBOT's effects on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress.
  • To explore the interplay between HBOT, mitochondria, and ROS.
  • To discuss the implications for various diseases characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HBOT, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress.
  • Analysis of studies examining short-term versus long-term HBOT effects.
  • Synthesis of data on ROS production and antioxidant defense mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Short-term HBOT can impair mitochondrial activity and increase ROS production.
  • Long-term HBOT enhances mitochondrial function and decreases ROS levels.
  • HBOT boosts the body's natural antioxidant defense mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • HBOT exerts complex effects on mitochondria and oxidative stress, dependent on treatment parameters.
  • The modulation of mitochondrial function and oxidative stress by HBOT suggests therapeutic applications for diseases involving these pathways.
  • Further research into HBOT's role in managing conditions linked to mitochondrial dysfunction is warranted.