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Is the Macrophage Phenotype Determinant for Fibrosis Development?
Lluis Lis-López1, Cristina Bauset1, Marta Seco-Cervera2
1Department of Pharmacology and CIBEREHD, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Abstract:
Fibrosis is a pathophysiological process of wound repair that leads to the deposit of connective tissue in the extracellular matrix. This complication is mainly associated with different pathologies affecting several organs such as lung, liver, heart, kidney, and intestine. In this fibrotic process, macrophages play an important role since they can modulate fibrosis due to their high plasticity, being able to adopt different phenotypes depending on the microenvironment in which they are found. In this review, we will try to discuss whether the macrophage phenotype exerts a pivotal role in the fibrosis development in the most important fibrotic scenarios.
Insights
Macrophages, with their adaptable phenotypes, significantly influence fibrosis development across major organs like the lung and liver. This review explores their pivotal role in various fibrotic conditions.
Area of Science:
- Pathophysiology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Fibrosis involves excessive connective tissue deposition in the extracellular matrix.
- It complicates various organ pathologies, including lung, liver, heart, kidney, and intestine.
- Macrophages are key players in fibrotic processes due to their plasticity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pivotal role of macrophage phenotypes in fibrosis development.
- To examine this role across major fibrotic organs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on fibrosis and macrophage phenotypes.
- Analysis of macrophage plasticity and its impact on fibrotic microenvironments.
Main Results:
- Macrophages can adopt diverse phenotypes based on their microenvironment.
- These phenotypes can either promote or resolve fibrotic conditions.
Conclusions:
- Macrophage phenotype is a critical determinant in the progression of organ fibrosis.
- Targeting specific macrophage phenotypes may offer therapeutic strategies for fibrotic diseases.
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