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An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies
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Animal Models in Bladder Cancer.

Traian Constantin1,2, Mihai Păvălean1,3, Ștefana Bucur1,4

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

Biomedicines
|December 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This review details common mouse models for bladder cancer research. Understanding these models is crucial for developing reproducible and translatable studies for human clinical trials.

Keywords:
animal modelsbladder cancerurothelial cancerxenografts

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Area of Science:

  • Uro-oncology
  • Translational Cancer Research

Background:

  • Bladder cancer, or urothelial carcinoma, is a prevalent malignancy with rising incidence and mortality.
  • Effective mouse models are essential for advancing mechanistic, chemo-preventive, and therapeutic bladder cancer research towards clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a comprehensive overview of animal models used in bladder cancer research.
  • To detail the origin, molecular, and pathological features of these models.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science (1980-2021) was conducted.
  • Keywords included "bladder", "urothelial carcinoma", and "animal models".

Main Results:

  • Animal models were categorized into autochthonous (chemically induced, genetically engineered) and non-autochthonous (transplantable).
  • Transplantable models include syngeneic (murine cells in immunocompetent mice) and xenografts (human cells in immune-deficient mice).
  • Models were further classified by tumor site: orthotopic (within the bladder) and heterotopic (outside the bladder).

Conclusions:

  • A variety of bladder cancer models exist, each with unique characteristics.
  • Selection of appropriate models is critical for successful preclinical research and translation to human trials.