Ginkgolide B Regulates CDDP Chemoresistance in Oral Cancer via the Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor Pathway

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Kohei Kawasaki1, Atsushi Kasamatsu2, Toshiaki Ando1

  • 1Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-8670, Japan.

Cancers
|December 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) inhibition enhances cisplatin sensitivity in oral cancer. Ginkgolide B, a PAFR inhibitor, boosts chemotherapy effectiveness by promoting apoptosis and reducing key signaling proteins.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) plays a role in cancer progression, but its precise mechanism in chemosensitivity remains unclear.
  • Understanding PAFR's function is crucial for developing targeted therapies in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PAFR in regulating cisplatin (CDDP) sensitivity in OSCC.
  • To elucidate the downstream signaling pathways affected by PAFR inhibition in CDDP-treated OSCC cells.

Main Methods:

  • Cell viability assays were used to assess CDDP sensitivity in OSCC cell lines with varying PAFR expression.
  • PAFR was inhibited using knockdown (siPAFR) and a specific inhibitor, ginkgolide B (GB).
  • Downstream signaling pathways (ERK, Akt, cleaved caspase-3) were analyzed following CDDP treatment in inhibited cells.

Main Results:

  • Two CDDP-resistant OSCC cell lines (Ca9-22 and Ho-1-N-1) were identified.
  • PAFR knockdown and GB treatment significantly enhanced CDDP chemosusceptibility and induced apoptosis.
  • Inhibition of PAFR led to decreased phosphorylation of ERK and Akt, and increased cleaved caspase-3 expression.

Conclusions:

  • PAFR acts as a therapeutic target for overcoming CDDP resistance in OSCC.
  • Ginkgolide B shows potential as a novel agent to enhance combination chemotherapy with CDDP for OSCC patients.
Keywords:
cisplatincombination chemotherapyginkgolide Boral squamous cell carcinomaplatelet-activating factor receptor

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