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Group therapy is a sociocultural approach to psychological treatment, where individuals with shared psychological challenges come together under the guidance of a mental health professional. This therapeutic modality offers unique opportunities for individuals to connect, share, and grow within the context of a supportive group. By fostering mutual understanding and collaboration, group therapy can address a range of psychological concerns effectively, often complementing or surpassing the...
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A Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention for Postpartum Anxiety and Depression: Individual Phone vs. Group Format.

Meital Simhi1,2, Orly Sarid1,2, Heather Rowe3

  • 1Spitzer Department of Social Work, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The What Am I Worried About? (WAWA) intervention effectively reduced postpartum depression, anxiety, and stress in mothers. Individual phone consultations showed slightly better results than group sessions for postpartum mood disorders.

Keywords:
cognitive–behavioral interventiongroup interventionmindfulnessperinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs)telephone consultation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Behavioral Science
  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) affect many postpartum mothers.
  • Cognitive-behavioral interventions are effective for treating PMADs.
  • The What Am I Worried About? (WAWA) intervention combines cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques with professional guidance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the acceptability and effectiveness of the WAWA intervention for postpartum mothers.
  • To compare the efficacy of group versus individual telephone consultation for delivering the WAWA intervention.
  • To evaluate the WAWA intervention's impact on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study using a pre-and post-test, single-group, open trial design.
  • A convenience sample of 34 postpartum women participated, choosing between group (n=24) or individual phone (n=10) intervention delivery.
  • Standardized measures including GAD-7, DASS21, and PPD-EPDS were used to assess outcomes over four weeks.

Main Results:

  • Significant reductions in postpartum depression, anxiety, and stress were observed after the four-week intervention.
  • Medium effect sizes (Cohen's d = 0.35-0.56) were reported for the outcome measures.
  • Participants in the individual phone consultation group showed a slightly larger reduction in postpartum depression and stress scores compared to the group intervention.

Conclusions:

  • The WAWA intervention is effective in reducing postpartum anxiety, distress, and depressive symptoms.
  • Individual telephone consultation may offer a slight advantage over group sessions for specific symptom reduction.
  • Further research with a larger sample and a randomized controlled trial is needed for definitive evaluation.