Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Development of a Minimally Invasive Large-Animal Model for Reliable and Reproducible Cardiovascular Research
06:51

Author Spotlight: Development of a Minimally Invasive Large-Animal Model for Reliable and Reproducible Cardiovascular Research

Published on: October 20, 2023

1.3K

Towards Personalized Therapy of Aortic Stenosis

Piotr Mazur1,2, Magdalena Kopytek2,3, Michał Ząbczyk2,3

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|December 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) lacks pharmacological treatments. This review details CAS molecular mechanisms and explores emerging therapies targeting lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and advanced glycation end products.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) is the leading cause of acquired valvular heart disease in adults.
  • Currently, no pharmacological treatments exist to halt the progression of CAS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of the molecular mechanisms driving CAS pathobiology.
  • To review current and emerging treatment strategies for CAS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current knowledge on CAS molecular mechanisms.
  • Analysis of ongoing randomized trials for medical treatment of CAS.
  • Examination of novel therapeutic targets and pathways.

Main Results:

  • CAS involves complex molecular pathways including lipid metabolism, inflammation, and calcification.
  • Investigated treatments include lipid-lowering, antihypertensive, and phosphate/calcium metabolism modulation.
  • Emerging targets include oxidative stress, coagulation, matrix metalloproteinases, and advanced glycation end products.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding CAS molecular mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • Multiple therapeutic strategies are under investigation, offering hope for future pharmacological interventions.
  • Targeting novel pathways may inhibit CAS progression and improve patient outcomes.
Keywords:
advanced glycation end productscalcific aortic stenosiscalcificationinflammationlipid lowering therapynon-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulantstissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases

More Related Videos

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement08:50

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Published on: March 26, 2018

11.9K
Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots12:17

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots

Published on: May 21, 2017

11.5K

Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
65
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
62
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
42
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
48
Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care01:27

Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care

Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...
59
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
47