Microbiome Research and Multi-Omics Integration for Personalized Medicine in Asthma

Area of Science:

• Respiratory Medicine
• Microbiology
• Systems Biology

Background:

• Asthma is a complex inflammatory respiratory disease with varied clinical presentations and treatment responses.
• The human microbiome is crucial for immune system development; disruptions (dysbiosis) are linked to chronic inflammation and diseases like asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of microbiota dysbiosis in asthma pathogenesis and heterogeneity.
• To explore how integrating microbiome and host multi-omics data advances understanding of asthma complexity.
• To identify potential microbial biomarkers and therapeutic targets for asthma.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent studies on microbiota and asthma.
• Analysis of systems biology approaches, including microbiome analysis.
• Integration of microbiome and host multi-omics data.

Main Results:

• Microbiota dysbiosis is implicated in asthma pathogenesis and heterogeneity.
• Specific microbial signatures, including Proteobacteria (Haemophilus, Moraxella), are associated with refractory neutrophilic asthma.
• Multi-omics data integration offers deeper insights into host-microbe interactions in asthma.

Conclusions:

• Understanding microbiota-host interactions is key to unraveling asthma complexity.
• Microbial signatures may serve as biomarkers for asthma classification and monitoring.
• Microbe-based personalized strategies hold promise for diagnosing and treating uncontrollable asthma.